1、翻译分词短语在句子中的成分是什么,起什么作用。2、是现代分词还是过去分词,主语是谁,表示主动还是被动。1) 作定语作定语用的分词如果是单词,一般放在它所修饰的名词之前。如:He likes to drink cold boiled water. 他喜欢喝凉开水。2)作表语The opera is very moving and instructive.这个歌剧很动人,且有教育意义。He is married.他已经结婚了。3)作状语分词在意义上也可用作状语,表示时间、原因、方式和伴随情况等。a)表示时间(在意义上往往相当于表示时间的状语从句)。如:Looking out of the window,I saw groups of children passing by the house.我从窗口望出去,看见成群的孩子们从房子前面走过。(= When I locked out of the window)While working in the factory (= While I was working in the factory),I learnt a lot from the workers.我在工厂工作期间,从工人那里学到了很多东西。b)表示原因(在意义上相当于表示原因的状语从句)。如:htnking that Chinese medicine might help,he went to a hospital of Chinese medicine.他想中医也许有效,于是到一家中医医院去治病。(= As he thought that...)Inspired by the excellent situation they worked even harder.在太好形势的鼓舞下,他们更加努力工作。(= Since they are inspired by...)c)表示方式、伴随情况及结果(这种用法没有相当的状语从句可以代替)。如:She stood there waiting for the bus.她站在那儿等公共汽车。(伴随情况或方式)He went out slamming the door.他走出去砰地一声把门关上。(伴随情况)The lichens came borne by storms.这些地衣是由暴风雨带来的。(方式)
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