英语高考笔记(宾语从句)

二.宾语从句宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。　　1. 作动词的宾语　　(1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略), 例如：　　I heard that be joined the army. 我听说他参军了。　　(2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句，例如：　　a) She did not know what had happened.　她不知道发生了什么。　　b) I wonder whether you can change this note for me.　我想知道你是否能帮我改一下笔记。　　(3) 动词+间接宾语+宾语从句。例如：　　She told me that she would accept my invitation.　她对我说她会接受我的邀请。　　2. 作介词的宾语，例如：　　Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.　我们的成功取决于我们之间的合作。　　3. 作形容词的宾语，例如：　　I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake.　我恐怕我已经犯了一个错误。　　注意：that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句。　　4. it 可以作为形式宾语　　it 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。 例如：　　We heard it that she would get married next month. 我听说她下个朋就会结婚了。　　5. 后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词　　这类动词有allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。如：　　正确表达：I admire their winning the match.　　错误表达：I admire that they won the match.　　6. 不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词　　有些动词不可用于“动词+间接宾语+that从句“结构中，常见的有envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。例如：　　正确表达：He impressed the manager as an honest man.　　错误表达：He impressed the manager that he was an honest man.　　7. 否定的转移　　若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如：　　I don’t think this dress fits you well. 我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。