英语基本句型分类

一、简单句型两大类为了方便大家记忆,我们将简单句的五种基本句型分为了两大类:1. 主语+系动词+表语 (表特征)例:The U.S. is no longer No. 1. 美国不再是老大。2. 主语+谓语+[其它] (表动作)例:China takes off. 中国腾飞了。China held the two sessions. 中国举行了两会。• 表特征与表动作的对比:The window is open. 窗户是开着的。(表特征)He opened the window. 他开窗户。(表动作)House price is sky-high. 房价特高。(表特征)House price increased a lot. 房价涨了很多。(表动作)二、五种基本句型1. 主语+系动词+表语(SVP)That sounds good. 听起来不错。功能:不表示具体动作,表示主语的特点或者性质特征,所以也叫主语补足语。• 常用系动词:* 纯系动词(只能做系动词):be, become, seem。例:I am a lunatic. 我是个神经病。Google becomes one of the most admired companies. Google成为之一。a. 感官动词:look, feel, smell, taste, sound等。例:Ipad2 looks gorgeous! Ipad2看起来很炫!b. 表示“变化”:get, grow, turn, go, run等。例:My face turned red. 脸变红了。c. 实义词词义基本没有变化的:stay, lie, stand(位于), fall, prove等。例:They fall in love. 他们陷入爱河。Tips:a. 副词一般不做表语That sounds good. √That sounds well. ×通常可做表语的有形容词、名词和其它短语。be, become后面可以直接跟名词做表语,但是其它的通常还要加介词,例:He looks like a monkey. 他长得像只猴子。b. of + 名词It is of + 名词,意思等同于it is + 该名词的形容词形式,是很地道的说法。例:This book is of great help to me. 这本书对我很有帮助。= This book is greatly helpful to me.c. 很多系动词也可以做实义动词It tastes delicious. 尝起来很美味。(做系动词)It tastes of lemon. 尝起来像柠檬。(做系动词)He tasted the lemon. 他尝了点柠檬。(做实义动词)补充:系动词一般不用现在进行时He looks young. √He is looking young. ×2. 主语+谓语(SV)• 及物动词与不及物动词: 及物动词:transitive 不及物动词:intransitive 区别:可否直接跟宾语 动词可分为三类:及物,不及物,及不及物(有时及物有时不及物)They are playing.(不及物) They are playing basketball.(及物)SV句型中的V是不及物动词,例句:Bird flies. 鸟会飞。 It rained yesterday. 昨天下雨了。 People suffered. 人民遭难了。Tips:a. 没有宾语但是可以跟其他对象,通常为副词或介词短语,作状语The sun sets in the west.(介词短语) We study hard.(副词)b. 系动词和谓语动词的区别He looks happy. 说明主语的特征。 He runs quickly. 修饰动作,作状语。3. 主语+谓语+宾语(SVO)SVO句型中的V是及物动词,例句:Oil hits its highest price since September 2008. 油价自2008年9月以来涨到了新高。 Premier Wen Jiabao made a report on the work of the government. 温家宝总理进行了政府工作报告。Beijing imposed house purchase restriction policy. 北京发布限购令政策。